What Are The Causes Of IBS?
Despite many advances in research in the last few decades, the cause of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is still not fully understood. Researchers have narrowed the likely causes of IBS to 3 key factors: gut physiology (how the gut works), environmental, and psychosocial factors.1-3
These factors may occur on their own or in combination. Continue reading to learn how they play a role in an IBS diagnosis.1-3
Gut physiology factors
Examples of gut physiology include:1-3
- Genetics
- Gut motility issues
- Increased gut sensitivity
- Gut inflammation
- Changes to the gut microbiome
Genetics
People with IBS are more likely to have family members with IBS. Experts are studying certain genes that may increase a person's risk of developing IBS. These genes may predispose someone to hypersensitivity, inflammation, and pain responses.1-3
Gut motility issues
Motility is a word used to describe the contraction of muscles in the gut that move, mix, and allow for food to be absorbed. Some people may have an exaggerated or abnormal response to gut-related hormones. This can change the way the muscles in the intestines contract.1,2
The time it takes for food to move through the colon may increase or decrease depending on the type of symptoms (constipation versus diarrhea).1
Increased gut sensitivity
There may be issues with how the brain and gut communicate (brain-gut axis). This may lead to increased sensitivity to pain signals. This is called visceral hypersensitivity.1-3